关于经济全球化背景下中国政府职能转变的思考

加入WTO ,加快了中国经济全球化的进程 ,同时受到更多约束的是中国政府 ,因此政府只有适应经济全球化的挑战 ,进一步转变政府职能。政府职能不再是“守夜人”。针对目前存在的主要问题 ,本文提出在五个方面的政府职能的转变 ,最终创造有效率的市场环境 ,促进中国经济持续稳定地发展。     

简论全球化浪潮对人类社会的冲击

世界各国特别是发展中国家应全面正确认识全球化,在积极融入全球化的同时,时刻保持清醒的头脑,深入研究并慎重处理全球化带来的各种困境和问题。     

面对国家的个人与面对个人的国家——全球化背景下国际法发展的元动力问题

传统上,国家间的互动关系被认为是国际法规则创制与实施的基本动力,但全球化,尤其是经济全球化使得国际法日益攸关个人的利益,个人与国家间的互动关系已然成为国际法发展的元动力。国际法只有以此为基点,才能更好地规范全球化,尤其是经济全球化的进程,使各国及其国民能够公平地享受全球化带来的好处。     

文化与经济活动的“固定思维习惯”

文化对于经济活动具有型塑的作用,正是一个社会的文化规范赋予了经济活动以意义,为个人活动提供劳动动机,为经济活动提供了一套行之有效的技能、策略和制度,担当了经济活动“固定思维习惯”的功能。此外,文化规范尤其是习俗惯例等“固定思维习惯”,也对市场的消费行为起着潜移默化的作用。     

Is there a relationship between election outcomes and perceptions of personal economic well-being? A test using post-election economic expectations

Do individuals believe that an election victory by their favored candidate will improve their personal economic well-being? Previous work has either adopted an approach that is not well suited to determining this relationship, or ignored this question to focus on perceptions of macroeconomic conditions. In this paper we adopt a new approach that allows us to determine the relationship individuals perceive between elections and personal economic welfare, examining the relationship between vote choice, the election outcome, and post-election expectations for personal economic well-being. We find that economic individualism plays an important role in shaping the relationship individuals perceive between election outcomes and their personal economic well-being. Individuals who reject economic individualism do perceive a relationship, with those viewing an election outcome as favorable more optimistic in their expectations for personal economic well-being than those who view the election outcome as unfavorable. Conversely, election outcomes do not influence the expectations of economic individualists.     

Institutions and Economic Performance: The Use and Abuse of Culture in New Institutional Economics

Important research programs within New Institutional Economics advance culturalist arguments to explain failures of economic development. Focusing on the work of Douglass C. North and Avner Greif, this article argues that such arguments rely on an essentialist conception of culture that is both historically inaccurate and analytically misleading. Greif’s work in particular rests on a selective use of empirical data that ultimately distorts the deductive models that are at the core of his work. As a result, both scholars use culture to account for outcomes that are more adequately explained as the product of social conflict and political struggles—struggles in which culture plays a far more contingent and destabilizing role than the one they attribute to it. What is needed, I argue, is to link arguments about the persistence of inefficient institutions with a sociologically informed conception of culture as an ensemble of resources that enhance rather than constrain the scope of individual agency. To come to terms with the effects of culture on institutional formation and change it is necessary to replace the essentialism articulated by North and Greif with a strategic-instrumentalist view in which culture is compatible with a wide spectrum of economic behaviors, individual actions, and thus institutional trajectories.

Institutions and Caribbean Economic Performance: Insights from Jamaica

We explore the impact of social institutions on economic performance in Jamaica through a reinterpretation of the plantation economic model. In its original form, the plantation model fails to develop a causal link between the plantation legacy and persistent underdevelopment. Despite its marginalization, the model remains useful for discussions on growth and development. Consequently, we offer a reappraisal using the causal insights from Kenneth Sokoloff and Stanley Engerman. We use two examples to demonstrate how inequality encourages the formation of institutions that are inconsistent with growth, and an empirical analysis to confirm the hypothesized relationship between inequality, institutions, and economic development. Since inequality is expected to influence growth indirectly, we use a structural specification, which follows William Easterly’s recent test of Sokoloff and Engerman’s argument. Our reliance on a time-series specification is unique. We demonstrate that the expectation that, on average, inequality and growth is negatively related and that institutions may compromise growth are accurate for Jamaica, the most cited Caribbean nation in the current discourse. Our results carry several policy implications, including support for the recent calls in Jamaica for political restructuring. However, both the paucity of similar studies and the importance of the implications for sustainable growth and development demand further analyses.

试论经济全球化形势下党的作风建设

经济全球化既为党的作风建设提供了新的机遇,同时又使党的作风建设面临严峻的考验。以积极的心态应对经济全球化,这是我们党主动适应经济全球化采取的正确的决策。     

税收执法不严的法律经济分析

税收流失问题是我国乃至世界上许多国家都存在的现象,税收执法不严是其成因之一。从法律经济学的角度对税收执法不严进行相应的分析可以进行更有效地防范。征税主体主观执法不严与其客观执法不严都有不同的成因,对此所采取的对策也应区别对待。     

法律全球化进程中的特征分析与路径选择

自20世纪80年代,尤其是冷战结束以来,以经济全球化为核心,包括社会、政治、环境、军事等领域的全球化获得迅猛发展。晚近以来,“法律全球化”也成为吸引法学界关注的热门话题。法律全球化既是其他领域的全球化的结果,又是推动其他领域全球化的工具,其实质是世界各国法律方面相互依赖之状态进一步加强的表现。诸如“网络密度”的增强、“跨国参与”的加强、权力与不对称等是法律全球化进程中的重要特征,而各国参与“全球治理”的各种方式成为法律全球化发展的路径选择。